Search Funds are a misunderstood, and little known asset class that gives young, entrepreneurial, and hungry people the ability to accelerate their careers, ditch working for large corporations, and potentially shape an industry. I have some experience helping out one of these such investment vehicles, and thought it would be interesting to the masses to shed some light on this relatively unknown asset class.
Definition of a Search Fund
The clinical definition of a search fund is a small group of individuals who have secured a pool of capital in order to buy a company, and then become the senior management team of that company. For example, two guys out of Harvard Business School decide to forgo their offers at McKinsey, raise $10 million, and go find a services business in New Jersey that they acquire, and then run. This is the 10 second spiel on search funds, but there is so much more to it than that.
Essence of a Search Fund
To understand a search fund, it’s important to understand the type of people who get caught up in this type of venture. The typical searcher, if there is one, has a few years of investing experience (PE/VC), and most likely some sort of operational experience either as a consultant or as an actual manager in a corporation. They probably went to either Harvard of Stanford to get their MBA, and have made the decision to go out on their own instead of joining most of their classmates at Goldman/McKinsey/etc.
They have found a group of investors, typically 10-30 high net worth individuals who were former entrepreneurs, private equity investors, or searchers themselves, to give them a commitment. The investors commit to investing in a deal, if they like it, and also provide some operating capital for office space, internet, etc while the two entrepreneurs search for a suitable target.
Searchers usually work in groups of 2 as the job takes a lot of resilience and discipline – and going it alone can be, well, lonely. Between the two searchers, you’re looking at a few hundred thousand dollars in forfeited yearly income while they try to find a company that they could grow into an enterprise that would return considerably more than that.
In exchange for giving up the relatively cushy life at a larger firm, the searchers typically rent out a small room in a shared workspace in New York, Boston, or San Francisco.
Most of the time their day to day consists of hustling to find interesting investment opportunities. They cold call family businesses in Iowa, talk to business brokers, and try to find industry experts through LinkedIn that will give them free advice on tackling a “niche.”
The Niche Philosophy
Searches are industry driven. The goal is to find a nascent, but growing industry “niche” that is also target rich. If your radiologist tells you that he just started outsourcing his billing to a company with a call center in Florida, you might want to look into outsourced billing for radiologists. Say the industry is growing at 30% and is populated by unprofessionalized, small and sleepy companies. Well, you just found a great niche.
In practice, searchers go through niches quite quickly. Time is their most scarce resource and so if something isn’t growing fast, is dominated by a large player, or there just don’t seem to be any companies looking to sell, it’s killed. Sometimes niches are killed after a few days, sometimes after a few weeks. The typical searcher is looking at ~3 niches at any given time, while also evaluating more opportunistic targets as they come in through brokers, lawyers, and other networks.
Why Give Up My Job At McKinsey?
Earlier in the post I mentioned that searchers give up a lot of income they could have gotten at another job. Why would any rational human do such a thing?
For starters, most searchers are entrepreneurial at heart and like working for themselves, so that comes at a premium. Another key component is that searchers get a decent equity stake in the business that they buy, with their investor base getting the rest (unless current owners are rolling equity, but that is a more advanced topic and a discussion for another day). The portion of the equity can also be stepped up considerably if IRR targets are hit – these targets are typically around 30%.
Acquisition Profile
Searchers look for many things traditional investors look for in a company: recurring revenue streams, high margins, large markets, etc. But, there are a few things that are MOST relevant.
- Growth: Searchers get paid on the growth of the company they buy. Industry tailwinds are a huge plus.
- A platform: Search fund investors don’t want their searchers to start companies. They want them to find “platforms” – defined as firms with all of the infrastructure necessary to scale a business – and then grow said platform.
- Services/Operationally focused businesses: Most searchers do not have any sort of technology/biotech/other special skill set. Searchers are hard core operations guys who think about efficiency/hiring/sales/marketing/IT all day long and who can take a family owned, unprofessionalized business, and squeeze out margins while growing the company like crazy.
- Buying right: Searchers need to find a company they can buy at a rational multiple, and maybe even with the help of some debt and/or seller financing (again, a topic for another day). They are putting all of their eggs in one investment, and need to make sure they are protected!
- Management: This is the most important and most misunderstood of the criteria. Searchers are going to become the CEO/COO/CFO/Whatever and so the current owner either needs to be a manager looking to step down and work on a specific part of the business (sales and marketing, research, etc), or retire/move on altogether. Of course, finding a high growth company where management wants to walk away at a conservative price is a huge challenge!
The Outcomes
Several very successful companies have sprung out of searchers. Service Source, Asurion, and other, lesser known companies were all searches to begin with. Of course, there are also many search funds that don’t make it due to the challenges of finding the right company, at the right price, at the right time.
Please be on the lookout for a follow up post with some of the more advanced and specific details around search funds! Also, below there is a link to a nice research paper on search funds written by folks at Stanford University. Enjoy!
Search Funds-2009 Selected Observations FINAL – revised 7.21.10(2)
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Im Vergleich zu Schienenrampen sind Flächenrampen einfacher in der Handhabung, weil sie leichter zu platzieren sind.
Die Breite der Rampe variiert nach Modell. Flächenrampen sind ausgezeichnet für E-Rollis geeignet.
Jedoch sollte eine Flächenrampe die Mindestbreite von 70
cm nicht unterschreiten. Ebenfalls zu den Flächenrampen zählen die Keilbrücken, die jedoch meist keine seitliche Aufkantung haben und extra für die Überbrückung
von kleinen Absätzen oder an Bordsteinen geeignet sind.
Wer umso mehr unterwegs mobil sein will, ein geübter Rollstuhlfahrer oder meist in begleitung einer Hilfsperson ist, für den sind Schienenrampen vor allem deshalb eine
gute Alternative, weil sie gegenüber Flächenrampen ein geringeres Gewicht aufweisen. Sie sollten sich für eine
Flächenrampe entscheiden. Wichtig: Für Personen mit Rollator
sind Schienenrampen nicht geeignet. Die Schienen werden parallel im richtigen Radabstand platziert und dann überfahren. Die Hilfsperson geht beim Überfahren zwischen den Schienen entlang.
Schienenrampen gibt es in teleskopierbaren und klappbaren Varianten, auch in Kombination beider
Funktionen. Bei der Auswahl der richtigen Fahrrinnenbreite sollte umso mehr das jeweilige
Rollstuhlmodell und dessen Reifenart Beachtung finden.
Die meist aus Aluminium gefertigten Schienenrampen können auch als Auffahrhilfe für Rollstühle in Autos
oder Transporter genutzt werden – fest installiert oder
variabel platziert. Generell sind Flächenrampen Schienenrampen vorzuziehen. Hintergrund der Entscheidung für oder gegen eine Flächenrampe sollte die Antworten auf die
Fragen sein, wie oft die Rampe auf und abgebaut wird und wie weit die Entfernung zum Lagerplatz ist, um Nutzung und Gewicht gegenüber zu stellen.
Stufenrampen sind landläufig einteilige Rampen zur Überwindung
von einer oder mehrerer Stufen. Einteilig sind sie bis zu 3m und in verschiedenen Varianten erhältlich.
Bei längeren / mehrteiligen Rampen sind modular aufgebaute
Rampen (siehe Modulares Rampensystem) besser geeignet.
Zufolge Länge und Gewicht sind sie für den mobilen oder dauerhaften Gebrauch gedacht.
Für welche der Stufenrampen Sie sich entscheiden, hängt vorrangig von dem jeweiligen Einsatzzweck ab.
Damit die Stufenrampe den hohen Belastungen standhalten kann,
die zumindest immer punktuell auf sie wirken, ist es wichtig, dass die Materialien besonders belastbar sind.
Über die Jahre hinweg haben sich die Stufenrampen als
System bewährt. Insbesondere die modularen Systeme sind sehr beliebt, da sie mit einem einfachen Handling einhergehen und weiterführend einen sicheren Transport ermöglichen. So werden vorwiegend Materialien wie Stahl oder auch Aluminium für die Fertigung eingesetzt.
Sie sind aufgrund ihrer Abmessungen nicht mit Verladerampen vergleichbar, sondern dienen ausschließlich der
Überbrückung von einzelnen Stufen. Für
Sie bieten wir die Stufenrampen in unterschiedlichen Abmessungen an. So können Sie
sich bei uns für besonders große Modelle entscheiden. Eine Stufenrampe mit einer Breite von 800 – 1200 mm praktikabel beispielsweise für den Einsatz als Rollstuhlrampe.
Stufenrampen können sowohl in der Logistik als auch im Personentransport zum Einsatz kommen. Sie bieten eine besonders solide Ausstattung, haben seitliche Schutzränder und zeichnen sich durch hohe Rutschfestigkeit
aus. Durch diese Rutschsicherheit bieten Sie bei allen Witterungslagen maximale Sicherheit.
Dadurch ist sie sehr stabil und kann beispielsweise auch als dauerhafte Lösung in Position gebracht werden. Eine solch große Stufenrampe
hat ein recht hohes Eigengewicht. Aufgrund des
Eigengewichts lassen sich die Stufenrampen strenggenommen nicht verrücken.
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In Italien werden die Einschränkungen Etappenweise zurückgenommen. Einen Spanien-Urlaub sollte man für den Frühsommer bislang nicht buchen. Buffets in Hotels sind verboten. Buchungen für den Zugang zu Strandbädern sollen verhindern, dass die Menschen zu dicht aneinander sonnig braten. Mallorca
und die anderen Urlaubsinseln können aber darauf
hoffen, vielleicht doch etwas früher eine beschränkte Zahl von in-
und ausländischen Besuchern empfangen zu dürfen. Desinfektionsmittel müssen überall bereit stehen. Es gebe eine Arbeitsgruppe,
die über ein solches Pilotprojekt spreche, mit dem man erste Erfahrungen sammeln wolle, bestätigte Verkehrsminister José Luis Ábalos.
Die Regierung in Madrid bekräftigte, dass man frühestens ab Ende Juni
mit einer weitgehenden Grenzöffnung für Touristen rechnen könne.
Selbst den Spaniern werde es bis dahin verboten bleiben, in andere
Regionen des Landes zu reisen. Die Inseln setzen sich längere Zeit für die Errichtung eines “sicheren Tourismuskorridors”.
Die Menschen, die trotz geschlossener Grenzen einreisen dürfen, weil sie in Spanien eine Erstwohnung haben oder eine Arbeitsstelle antreten, müssen zwei Wochen isoliert.
Dieser Anspruch ergibt sich aus den Sozialgesetzbüchern V und XI.
Als technische Hilfsmittel kommen einerseits mobile Starr- oder Teleskoprampen oder feste, aufgelegte Rampen in Frage.
Man sollte nicht übersehen sind fest im Gebäude
installierte Rollstuhlrampen oder elektrische Treppen- und Hublifte denkbar.
Hier ist die Pflegeversicherung der Leistungserbringer.
Bei solchen Rampen handelt es sich um Sachleistungen der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung.
Damit Dir eine Rampe als Mobilitätshilfe bewilligt wird,
musst Du eine Rezept einreichen. Sanitätshaus deshalb, weil die Rampe den Vorgaben des Gesetzes für Medizinprodukte entsprechen muss.
Dadurch sollen Dein Schutz und die technische Sicherheit gewährleistet sein. Teilweise wird auch ein Kostenvoranschlag von einem Sanitätshaus verlangt.
In den meisten Fällen wirst Du dann eine Rampe aus den Lagerbeständen bekommen, die der
Leistungsträger in seinem Hilfsmittelpool hat. Ähnlich wie bei einem Krankenpflegebett oder einem
Badewannenlift muss die Rampe später wieder zurückgegeben werden, wenn sie nicht mehr gebraucht wird.
Wie kann ich Dir helfen? Mein Bezeichnet werden als Ömer Bekar und ich bin der Autor und Gründer dieser
Seite. Gib es vielleicht ein spezielles Thema, worüber ich schreiben kann?